Which statement best describes the offspring of prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells?

The statement correctly indicates that prokaryotic cells typically reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to their parent. Because the genetic material in prokaryotes is usually a single circular DNA molecule, there is no exchange of genetic material as seen in sexual reproduction, leading to clones of the parent cell.

In contrast, statements regarding eukaryotic cells producing offspring through mitosis are not universally applicable as eukaryotic organisms can reproduce sexually and asexually, and not all eukaryotic reproduction occurs via mitosis. The idea that prokaryotic cells undergo sexual reproduction to generate diverse offspring is inaccurate, as this characteristic is primarily found in certain eukaryotic organisms. Lastly, claiming that eukaryotic cells always have a longer lifespan than their offspring does not hold true across the board, as lifespans vary widely among different organisms, regardless of their cellular classification.

Therefore, the first statement is the most accurate representation of the nature of reproduction in prokaryotic cells.